Masculine, feminine and plurals
Arabic · Key Stage 1 · The School
The tā marbūṭa
Most feminine nouns end in ة: مُعَلِّم (male teacher) → مُعَلِّمة (female teacher). Spotting that ending tells you the word's gender instantly, which matters because the rest of the sentence has to agree with it. When you stop on the word, ة is read as "h".
Agreement
Adjectives copy the gender of their noun: كِتابٌ كَبيرٌ (a big book, masculine), مَدْرَسةٌ كَبيرةٌ (a big school, feminine — note the adjective takes ة too). Arabic makes the agreement visible, so once you notice one ending you can predict the other.
Sound plurals
Masculine plural adds ون or ين: مُسْلِم → مُسْلِمون (Muslims). Feminine plural adds ات: مُسْلِمة → مُسْلِمات. These are "sound" plurals because the word stays intact. Many common words instead use a broken plural, where the shape changes inside — كِتاب → كُتُب — and those are learned one by one.
كَبير means big. With a masculine noun: كِتاب كَبير (a big book). With a feminine noun the adjective takes ة too: مَدْرَسة كَبيرة (a big school). Now طالِب جَديد (a new male student) and طالِبة جَديدة (a new female student). The adjective always follows the noun and always copies its gender — get that habit early and half of Arabic grammar is already working.