The Hijra — Migration to Madinah
622 CE · The Prophetic Era
The Prophet ﷺ and the Muslims migrate to Yathrib (renamed Madinah al-Munawwarah) — the defining event of Islamic civilisation. The Islamic calendar (Hijri calendar) begins from this year. In Madinah, the Prophet ﷺ establishes the first Islamic state, builds the first mosque (Masjid al-Nabawi), and creates the Constitution of Madinah — a model of pluralistic governance.