Umar (RA) receives Jerusalem
638 CE · The Rightly-Guided Caliphs
Jerusalem surrenders on the condition that the caliph himself accept its keys. Umar (RA) enters the city in a patched garment, shares a mount with his servant, and grants its Christians a covenant protecting their lives, churches, and crosses. Invited to pray inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, he declines — so that later Muslims would never claim it.